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The Court of Québec ((フランス語:Cour du Québec)) is a court of first instance that has jurisdiction over civil matters, criminal and penal matters as well as over youth matters in the Province of ''Québec'', Canada. The Court sits in administrative matters as well, and in appeal, on cases provided for by the law. ==History〔Court of Québec, History, http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/mjq_en/c-quebec/a_propos_cour_ang/fs_history.html〕〔Me Sylvio Normand, ''La Cour du Québec : genèse et développement'', Wilson & Lafleur, 2013.〕〔Raoul. P. Barbe, juge de la Cour du Québec à la retraite, ''Les palais de justice du Québec'', Éditions Yvon Blais, 2013.〕== The Court of Québec owes its origins to the ''Québec Act'' of 1774, which re-established French law in civil matters and confirmed English law in criminal matters for the Province of Québec. At that time, the judicial system consisted of the Court of Common Pleas, circuit courts, a Court of Appeal and the Court of King’s Bench, for criminal cases. (For a historical review of the administration of justice in Québec before 1774, see the (website of the Ministry of Justice )) Over the centuries, the Québec courts underwent many changes to their organizational structure as well as to the scope of their jurisdiction. The Magistrate’s Court, created in 1869, was renamed the Provincial Court in 1962. The Court of Sessions of the Peace was established in 1908. The first court for children in Québec was created in 1910. It then became the Juvenile Court in 1932 and the Social Welfare Court in 1950. It was later replaced by the Youth Court in 1977. In 1969, the Labour Court was created, with judges from the Provincial Court.〔Jacinthe Plamondon, PhD candidate in law, ''Capsules historiques no. 3, 4 et 5'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/25ans/fs_25ans.html〕 In 1973, the Expropriation Tribunal was formed and some of its members were judges of the Provincial Court. The (Professions Tribunal ) was established in 1973. The Court of Québec was established in 1988, upon the unification of the Provincial Court – whose jurisdiction was mainly civil, the Court of Sessions of the Peace – responsible for criminal cases; and the Youth Court – which had the responsibility of hearing all cases involving minors. In 1988, the Court consisted of two regional sections: one in Montréal and the other in Québec City. Each one had a Civil Division, a Criminal and Penal Division as well as a Youth Division. At that time, the Court also had an Expropriation Division. At the outset, the Court was managed by a Chief Judge, who was assisted in each of the regional sections by a Senior Associate Chief Judge, who in turn benefited from the assistance of Associate Chief Judges (three in Québec City and four in Montréal). Nineteen Coordinating Judges, residing in the towns designated as administrative centers of the main judicial districts of Québec, completed this management team.〔Jacinthe Plamondon, PhD candidate in law, ''La réflexion sur l'unification des tribunaux'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/25ans/CapsuleHistoireCQ25ans_7.pdf〕〔Court of Québec, ''Les juges en chef depuis la création de la Cour du Québec en 1988'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/CommuniquesDocumentation/TableauxJugesChef.pdf〕 In 1995, at the request of the Court, the legislature simplified its organization. The regional sections were abolished and the responsibilities of the Senior Associate Chief Judge and the Associate Chief Judges were redefined. To coordinate the Court’s activities throughout its territory, ten Coordinating Judges were appointed. In some regions, the Coordinating Judge was assisted by one or more Associate Coordinating Judges responsible for the coordination of one of the divisions. In 1998, upon the creation of the (Administrative Tribunal of Québec ), the Expropriation Division of the Court of Québec was abolished. Then in 2002, the Labour Court was replaced by the Québec Labour Relations Board ((Commission des relations du travail )). From then on, only penal matters of original jurisdiction, arising from offences under the ''Labour Code'', came under the jurisdiction of the Court of Québec’s Criminal and Penal Division, and only the judges appointed by the Chief Judge had authority to rule upon these matters.〔Jacinthe Plamondon, PhD candidate in law, ''Une Cour unifiée de première instance au Québec'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/25ans/CapsuleHistoireCQ25ans_8.pdf〕 In 2005, as a result of decisions made by higher courts about the status of a "judge with limited jurisdiction," the (''Courts of Justice Act'' ) was amended to allow the appointment of Justices of the Peace. In addition to the six Justices of the Peace already in office since June 30, 2004, 27 new Justices were appointed in 2005.〔Jacinthe Plamondon, PhD candidate in law, ''Les juges de paix dans le système judiciaire québécois'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/25ans/CapsuleHistoireCQ25ans_6.pdf〕 In 2012, the (''Courts of Justice Act'' ) was amended to increase the number of judges at the Court of Québec from 270 to 290, to add four Associate Coordinating Judge positions, and to create a new position of Justice responsible for Presiding Justices of the Peace. At the same time, three Presiding Justices of the Peace positions were added to bring their number to 36.〔Ministère de la justice, Justice Access Plan, http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/ministre/paj/index.htm〕〔Court of Québec, Public Report 2011, http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/mjq_en/c-quebec/Communiques/RAP_2011_AN_FinaleWeb.pdf〕〔Court of Québec, Public Report 2012, http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/mjq_en/c-quebec/Communiques/RapPublic2012En_vAbr.pdf〕 In 2013, the Court of Québec celebrated its 25th anniversary. This event was highlighted in numerous magazines and newspapers including the ''Journal du Barreau'' of July and September 2013〔''Journal du Barreau'', https://www.barreau.qc.ca/fr/publications/journal/archives/volume-45/index.html〕 and ''Le Monde juridique'' (Vol. 21, No. 7, Feb. 4, 2014).〔''Le Monde juridique'' (vol. 21, no 7, 4 février 2014), http://lemondejuridique.com/magazines/vol-21-no-7/〕 A (commemorative brochure ) was also prepared by the Office of the Chief Judge for the occasion.〔Court of Québec, ''1988 - 2013, 25 ans au service des justiciables'', http://www.tribunaux.qc.ca/c-quebec/CommuniquesDocumentation/CQ_Brochure25e2013.pdf commemorative brochure〕 Finally, a motion to mark this event was adopted unanimously by the National Assembly of Quebec on September 25, 2013.〔Journal des débats de l'Assemblée nationale, http://www.assnat.qc.ca/fr/travaux-parlementaires/assemblee-nationale/40-1/journal-debats/20130925/96781.html#_Toc367970957〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Court of Quebec」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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